Carbon Oxygen Demand Standards
Apexbio Technology LLC (±)-Baclofen 1134-47-0 10g
( )-Baclofen (CAS 1134-47-0) is a selective agonist of the -aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor a G protein-coupled receptor involved in inhibitory neurotransmission Exhibiting an IC50 of 200 nM ( )-baclofen induces skeletal muscle relaxation and reduces spasticity by activating GABAB-mediated signaling pathways In cellular studies ( )-baclofen inhibits the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in a dose-dependent manner induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and modulates intracellular cAMP and p21WAF1 expression In vivo it suppresses tumor growth in HCC xenograft models without evident toxicity ( )-Baclofen is thus valuable for investigating GABAB-mediated mechanisms in cancer and neuropharmacology
Apexbio Technology LLC Prilocaine hydrochloride 1786-81-8 10g
Prilocaine hydrochloride (CAS 1786-81-8) is a local anesthetic belonging to the amino amide class It functions by reversibly inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels on neuronal cell membranes thereby blocking the initiation and propagation of nerve impulses This property makes it suitable for investigating neuronal excitability pain signaling and ion channel pharmacology in various preclinical models Prilocaine hydrochloride is commonly employed in studies requiring local anesthesia and serves as a reference compound for benchmarking novel anesthetic agents in research settings
Apexbio Technology LLC Tolfenamic Acid 13710-19-5 10g
Tolfenamic acid (CAS 13710-19-5) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that functions primarily through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes resulting in reduced prostaglandin synthesis and inflammation In cellular studies tolfenamic acid has been observed to inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis as indicated by heightened caspase activity and alterations in bioelectric impedance measurements These findings support its utility in research investigating inflammatory pathways apoptosis induction and the cellular effects of NSAIDs in various biological systems
Apexbio Technology LLC PTP Inhibitor I 2491-38-5 10g
PTP Inhibitor I (CAS 2491-38-5) is a small molecule inhibitor targeting protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) specifically SHP-1 and PTP1B with inhibition constants (KI) of 43 M and 42 M respectively As an -bromoacetophenone derivative it acts as a neutral phosphotyrosine mimetic covalently modifying the active site cysteine of PTPs Structure-activity studies indicate that modifications to the phenyl ring moderately affect potency while para-substituted peptidyl groups can enhance both potency and selectivity PTP Inhibitor I is utilized in vitro for mechanistic studies of PTP function related to diabetes neurodegenerative disorders immune regulation and pathogen virulence Animal and clinical data are not available
Apexbio Technology LLC Bismuth Subsalicylate 14882-18-9 10g
Bismuth subsalicylate (CAS 14882-18-9) is a small molecule compound clinically employed in the management of gastrointestinal disturbances including diarrhea heartburn indigestion and nausea Its pharmacological activity involves a dual mechanism the bismuth component exerts antimicrobial and protective effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa while the salicylate moiety inhibits intestinal prostaglandin synthesis thereby reducing inflammation and intestinal secretions Bismuth subsalicylate is utilized in biomedical research to investigate gastrointestinal barrier function host microbe interactions and inflammatory pathways relevant to digestive disorders
Apexbio Technology LLC Diphenylpyraline HCl 132-18-3 10g
Diphenylpyraline HCl (CAS 132-18-3) is a small molecule classified within the diphenylpiperidine group and functions as a first-generation antihistamine It acts by competitively inhibiting histamine H1 receptors thereby attenuating histamine-mediated cellular responses In addition to its antihistaminic activity diphenylpyraline exhibits anticholinergic properties influencing neurotransmitter regulation within the central and peripheral nervous systems This compound is widely utilized in the study of histaminergic and cholinergic pathways as well as for elucidating mechanisms underlying allergic reactions and central nervous system disorders
Apexbio Technology LLC Metronidazole Benzoate 13182-89-3 10g
Metronidazole Benzoate (13182-89-3) is a small-molecule inhibitor targeting microbial DNA synthesis It is designed to inhibit nucleic acid synthesis processes thereby disrupting microbial cellular function Metronidazole Benzoate exerts its biological activity primarily through inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis and function within microbial cells In in vitro studies its efficacy is often quantified by IC50 values reflecting the concentration required to achieve half-maximal inhibition of microbial growth Based on these pharmacological properties Metronidazole Benzoate holds research potential in investigations of treatments for bacterial and protozoal infections
Apexbio Technology LLC Arbutin 497-76-7 10g
Arbutin (CAS 497-76-7) is a naturally occurring glycosylated hydroquinone primarily isolated from bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) leaves It acts as a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase an enzyme central to melanin biosynthesis thereby modulating pigment production in biological systems Arbutin is extensively studied in cellular and biochemical assays investigating melanogenesis oxidative stress and potential antimelanogenic therapies Its ability to regulate melanin synthesis has made it a valuable research tool in dermatology cosmetic science and pharmacological studies focused on hyperpigmentation and related disorders The compound should be stored in a sealed cool and dry environment to maintain stability
Apexbio Technology LLC Amoxicillin Sodium 34642-77-8 10g
Amoxicillin Sodium (CAS 34642-77-8) is a small-molecule inhibitor targeting bacterial cell wall biosynthesis It is designed to disrupt peptidoglycan formation thereby compromising bacterial cell wall integrity Amoxicillin Sodium exerts its biological activity primarily through inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis leading to bacterial lysis and cell death In in vitro studies Amoxicillin Sodium demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0 1 g/mL to 10 g/mL depending on bacterial strain variability and experimental conditions Based on these pharmacological properties Amoxicillin Sodium holds research potential in bacterial physiology characterization antibiotic resistance evaluations and in vitro infection modeling studies
Apexbio Technology LLC Uniconazole 83657-22-1 10g
Uniconazole (CAS 83657-22-1) is a small-molecule inhibitor of cytochrome P450 707A enzymes (CYP707As) which are involved in the catabolism of abscisic acid (ABA) via 8 -hydroxylation In in vitro assays uniconazole demonstrated potent inhibition of CYP707A3 activity with a reported Ki of 68 nM surpassing other plant growth retardants such as paclobutrazol and tetcyclacis In Arabidopsis models uniconazole treatment elevated endogenous ABA levels and enhanced drought tolerance effects that were independent of gibberellin-mediated pathways Uniconazole is therefore utilized in plant biology research to study ABA metabolism and stress responses