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( )-Baclofen (CAS 1134-47-0) is a selective agonist of the -aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor a G protein-coupled receptor involved in inhibitory neurotransmission Exhibiting an IC50 of 200 nM ( )-baclofen induces skeletal muscle relaxation and reduces spasticity by activating GABAB-mediated signaling pathways In cellular studies ( )-baclofen inhibits the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in a dose-dependent manner induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and modulates intracellular cAMP and p21WAF1 expression In vivo it suppresses tumor growth in HCC xenograft models without evident toxicity ( )-Baclofen is thus valuable for investigating GABAB-mediated mechanisms in cancer and neuropharmacology
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L-Phenylephrine (CAS 59-42-7) is a selective agonist of the adrenergic 1A receptor exhibiting a Ki of 1 4 M with markedly lower affinity for 1B (Ki 23 9 M) and 1C (Ki 47 8 M) subtypes In vitro L-Phenylephrine has been shown to reduce apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes following hypoxia and serum deprivation and to stimulate proliferation in neural progenitor cells It also increases the cross-sectional area and modulates gene expression in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes In vivo local administration in rats induces cutaneous anesthesia through 1-adrenergic receptor activation and clinical data suggest oral administration reduces nasal airway resistance These properties make L-Phenylephrine a valuable tool for studying 1A-adrenergic receptor-mediated cellular responses
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(Florfenicol and Flunixin Meglumine) A simple bovine respiratory disease (BRD) treatment strategy. It involves a combination of two therapies in one dose: The powerful antibiotic florfenicol to kill or inhibit the disease-causing bacteria mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, histoophilus somni, and mycoplama bovis. The fast-acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) flunixin meglumine to reduce BRD-associated fever.
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Aminothiazole (96-50-4) is a small-molecule inhibitor targeting thyroid peroxidase It is designed to interfere with thyroid hormone biosynthesis thereby regulating thyroid hormone levels Aminothiazole exerts its biological activity primarily through inhibition of the thyroid peroxidase enzyme In in vitro studies aminothiazole demonstrates inhibitory activity with an IC50 value typically ranging from 1 to 10 M Based on these pharmacological properties aminothiazole holds research potential in the investigation of thyroid hormone regulatory mechanisms and pathologies such as hyperthyroidism as well as in antimicrobial screening assays
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Spermine (71-44-3) is a small-molecule inhibitor targeting inward rectifier potassium (K ) channels It is designed to block channel conductance thereby modulating cellular excitability and resting membrane potential Spermine exerts its biological activity primarily through direct inhibition of K channel function In experimental studies spermine demonstrates strong channel inhibition with an IC50 value of approximately 31 nM at a membrane potential of 50 mV in cloned IRK1 potassium channels Based on these pharmacological properties spermine holds research potential in potassium channel modulation neuronal excitability studies and investigation of neurological conditions associated with altered glutamatergic signaling and polyamine metabolism
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Fuchsine base monohydrochloride (632-99-5) is a synthetic dye belonging to the triphenylmethane family It is designed for staining applications to visualize cellular and tissue components in histological and cytological studies Fuchsine base monohydrochloride exerts its biological activity primarily through binding with negatively charged groups particularly carboxyl-rich sites within cell structures Based on these properties Fuchsine base monohydrochloride holds research potential in biomedical cytological and histological applications for the analysis of tissue morphology cellular anatomy and biological process visualization
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Trimethoprim (CAS 738-70-5) is a small-molecule inhibitor targeting bacterial dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) It is designed to selectively inhibit DHFR thereby disrupting folate metabolism and nucleic acid synthesis in bacteria Trimethoprim exerts its biological activity primarily through competitive inhibition of bacterial DHFR In experimental studies trimethoprim demonstrates inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from approximately 5 to 15 nM against bacterial DHFR enzymes Based on these pharmacological properties trimethoprim holds research potential in studies of microbiology urinary tract infections bacterial metabolism folate biosynthesis antimicrobial resistance and in the pharmacological profiling of antibacterial agents
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Diclofenac (CAS 15307-86-5) is a phenylacetic acid derivative classified as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) It exerts its biological activity by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 enzymes thereby suppressing prostaglandin synthesis that mediates inflammation and pain signaling Structurally the incorporation of two ortho chlorine atoms on the phenyl ring increases molecular rigidity which has been associated with enhanced potency Diclofenac is widely used in research to study inflammatory pathways pain mechanisms and as a reference compound in the evaluation of cyclooxygenase inhibition and potential gastrointestinal protective strategies in combination therapies
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